The iodide ions have lost electrons to form iodine molecules. In the chlorine and iodide ion case, the reaction would be:
The sodium or potassium ions will be spectator ions, and are completely irrelevant to the reaction. The iodide ions will be in a solution of a salt like sodium or potassium iodide. We are going to look at the reactions between one halogen (chlorine, say) and the ions of another one (iodide ions, perhaps). Note: If you aren't comfortable with terms like oxidation and oxidising agent in terms of electron transfer, then you should explore the area of the site dealing with redox reactions before you go on. We are going to look at the ability of one halogen to oxidise the ions of another one, and how that changes as you go down the Group. This page explores the trend in oxidising ability of the Group 7 elements (the halogens) - fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. While it is poisonous you will still find this reddish-brown element used in flame-retardants, water purification systems, and dyes.THE OXIDISING ABILITY OF THE GROUP 7 ELEMENTS (THE HALOGENS) Bromine is the only non-metallic element that is a liquid at room temperature. Bromine is a member of the halogen group. Symbol:"Br" Atomic Number:"35" Atomic Mass: 79.90amu. The smallest combination of elements or atoms that forms the lattice is called the unit cell. The shape of an iron pyrite lattice would be cubic. Each point of the lattice represents the compounds found in the mineral. The Bravais lattice is the basic structure of a crystal. The idea was written down as P=(1/V)k (where k is a constant). His formula shows that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure. You might find boron in clay pots, detergent, glass, flares, or fiberglass.Ī scientist named Robert Boyle came up with an understanding of the way pressure and volume are related (at constant temperatures). Boron is a non-metallic element never found alone but always with other elements. Symbol:"B" Atomic Number:"5" Atomic Mass: 10.81amu. Two major types of bonds are ionic and covalent. There are single, double, and triple bonds. It requires the addition of energy for the matter to move from one state to another.Ī chemical bond is created when two atoms share or give electrons to each other. The boiling point is the temperature when a liquid begins to boil and becomes a gas or vapor. You will not find these in use anywhere on Earth. Scientists have created these in labs and may have found only a few atoms of the element. Symbol:"Bh" Atomic Number:"107" Atomic Mass: (264)amu. While there are areas where you can expect to find electrons, we now know that they are not always in spherical shells. Surrounding that nucleus are spherical shells where electrons can orbit the nucleus. Niels Bohr came up with the idea that there is a nucleus with protons and neutrons. You may also think of a messy deck of cards for this example.īohr atomic structure is considered the classic structure of an atom. This is a crystal shape that resembles a knife blade because is has very thin layers. You will find it used in magnets, nuclear reactors, alloys, and even cosmetics. Bismuth is a brittle metal often found with tin and lead. It is classified as a basic metal and is the most diamagnetic metal in the periodic table. Symbol:"Bi" Atomic Number:"83" Atomic Mass: 208.98amu.
Think about sodium chloride for binary compounds (NaCl). You might find the element in nuclear reactors, springs, satellites, and the space shuttle.Ī binary compound is a compound that only has two atoms. Beryllium is a silvery, very light metallic element. Beryllium is ember of the alkaline metals family. Symbol:"Be" Atomic Number:"4" Atomic Mass: 9.01amu. It is a radioactive metal with no known applications. It may also be classified as a rare earth element.
Symbol for halogen series#
Berkelium is only one of the elements in the actinide series of inner transition elements. Symbol:"Bk" Atomic Number:"97" Atomic Mass: (247)amu. The element is used in paints, fireworks, medicine, and the process of making glass. Barium is only found as a part of compounds when found in nature. Barium is a member of the alkaline metals group. Symbol:"Ba" Atomic Number:"56" Atomic Mass: 137.33amu. If one side of the equation has five oxygen atoms, the other side must also have five (to be balanced). A balanced chemical equation has equal numbers of atoms on each side of the equation.
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